Start
with a cage containing five monkeys. In the cage, hang a banana on a
string and put stairs under it. Before long, a monkey will go to the
stairs and start to climb towards the banana.
As
soon as he touches the stairs, spray all of the monkeys with cold
water. After a while, another monkey will make an attempt with the same
response -- all of the monkeys are sprayed with cold water. Keep this up
for several days.
Turn off the cold
water. If, later, another monkey tries to climb the stairs, the other
monkeys will try to prevent it even though no water sprays them.
Now,
remove one monkey from the cage and replace it with a new one. The new
monkey sees the banana and attempts to climb the stairs. To his horror,
all of the other four monkeys attack him. After another attempt and
attack, he knows that if he tries to climb the stairs, he will be
assaulted.
Next, remove another of the
original five monkeys and replace it with a new one. The newcomer goes
to the stairs and is attacked in the same manner. The previous newcomer
also takes part in the punishment with enthusiasm.
Replace
another of the original monkeys with a new one. The new one attempts to
the climb the stairs and is attacked as well. The second newcomer will
join the attack like the first one did. Now two of the four monkeys that
beat the latest arrival both have no idea why they were not permitted
to climb the stairs, or why they are participating in the beating of the
newest monkey.
After replacing the
fourth and fifth original monkeys with the same method, all the monkeys
which had originally been sprayed with cold water have been replaced.
None of the monkeys now in the cage have ever been sprayed with water
whilst attempting to climb the stairs. Nevertheless, no monkey ever
again approaches the stairs.
Why not?
"Because that's the way it's always been done around here."
Replace
the Monkeys with company management, and the stairs with policy and
procedural improvements, and you get the same results.
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